Influent distribution system to obtain a good performance from uasb reactors, it is essential that the influent substrate is evenly distributed in the lower part of the reactors, to ensure a close contact between the biomass and the substrate. Chapter 4 anaerobic sewage treatment using uasb reactors. The distinguishing feature is that a faster rate of upwardflow velocity is designed for the wastewater passing through the sludge bed. The maximum capacity chemical oxygen demand cod loading in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket uasb reactors is evaluated using three 8. Kandasamy encyclopedia of life support systemseolss can be traced to the processing of industrial chemicals and nearly 40% of the total. Uasb, distillery spent wash, tannery effluent, newsprint effluent. Nuclear reactors are used as research tools, as systems for producing radioactive isotope s, and most prominently as energy sources for nuclear power plants. In the first stage, startup was with glucose for 14 days and then the reactor was also fed with macro and. This excel spreadsheet can be used to calculate the required uasb reactor volume and dimensions, sludge production rate, methane production rate, and required alkalinity addition based on user input information on wastewater flow and characteristics. The uasb reactor treatment system installed at cetesbsao paulo is fed with sewage collected by the local treatment plant. Review of upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor technology.
The upwardflow anaerobic sludge bed uasb reactor concept egsb an expanded granular sludge bed egsb reactor is a variant of the uasb concept kato et al. Treatment of dairy waste water using uasb reactor and. Th working principle of te his device is based on scum level control inside the tps, by increasing or decreasing the pressure in the gas line situated between the tps and a hydraulic seal located outside the reactor. Pdf design and working of a lab scale uasb reactor for. Uasb design calculations spreadsheet low cost easy to. A pilot scale study was set up to investigate the principle design parameters of up flow anaerobic sludge blanket uasb reactors for treating wastewater of small communities in the tropical. Design of an anaerobic digester for wastewater treatment. Pdf anaerobic digestion and the denitrification in uasb.
Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket digestion wikipedia. The issue of residues and industrial effluents represents an unprecedented environmental challenge in terms of recovery, storage, and treatment. This type of model is a useful tool to optimize the operation of the reactor and to predict its performance. Also the excess of wastewaste that is present in uasb is again brought to the buffer tank. The usab design is tailor made to suit the wastewater characteristics given in table 2. Turbidity of effluent decreased with time and it has a percentage removal of 72. The design and the operational parameters of the pilotscale uasbdigester are shown in table 1. The raw wastewater originating from the industrial process requires pretreatment to prepare it for the anaerobic treatment process. The uasb reactor is a methanogenic methaneproducing digester that evolved from the anaerobic clarigester. Characterization of sewage, design of laboratory scale. Now, what happens, that when the wastewater is entering from the bottom that is the first step, as we. Reactors are usually designed based on rate considerations. Uasb reactor the problem associated with anaerobic filters and fbrs has led to development of unpacked reactors that still incorporate an immobilized form of particulate biomass. Up flow anaerobic sludge blanket technology also known as uasb reactor is a form of anaerobic digester which used in wastewater treatment.
The upflow velocity in uasb is an important design parameter as the process plays with the balance of sedimentation and upflow sasse 1998. The uasb reactor is a methanogenic methaneproducing digester. To induce granulation process a small quantity of anthracite powder and crushed granules from the uasb reactor were added before the startup of the reactor. Nuclear reactor, any of a class of devices that can initiate and control a selfsustaining series of nuclear fission s. The sludge blanket is comprised of microbial granules 1 to 3 mm in diameter, i. Determination of design criteria for uasb reactors as a wastewater. The anaerobic process through uasb reactors presents several advantages in relation to conventional aerobic processes. A suspended sludge blanket filters and treats the wastewater as the wastewater flows through it the sludge blanket is comprised of microbial granules 1 to 3 mm in diameter, i. The pharmaceutical industry under study has the main products like penicillin, erythromycin and its derivatives. Two laboratory scale uasb reactors were operated in parallel at ambient room temperature of 2529c for the treatment of petroleum refinery wastewater. Design of uasb for sewage reactor height depends on type of the sludge present in the reactor organic loading rates applied volumetric hydraulic loading rates applied includes height of the sludge layer and of the sedimentation sludge layer height is 25 m for cod 3000 mgl and settling zone. With the development of the ic reactor, this inefficiency has been overcome by the construction of a high tower with relatively small ground space. It includes dispersion, advection, and reaction terms, as well as the resistances through which the substrate passes before its biotransformation.
Anaerobic treatment of raw domestic wastewater in a uasb. Programme changes to the operating system were alos required, so that feed and recycle pumps setpoints can be better controlled. Maximum cod loading capacity in uasb reactors at 37 by herbert h. Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket uasb technology, normally referred to as uasb reactor, is a form of anaerobic digester that is used for wastewater treatment the uasb reactor is a methanogenic methaneproducing digester that evolved from the anaerobic clarigester.
Examples of uasb reactors of the major anaerobic system manufacturers are shown in figure 1. Plant size m3 daily feedstock kilogram daily water liters 4 24 24 6 36 36 8 48 48 10 60 60 15 90 90 20 120 120 plant size is the sum of digester volumne and gas storage. Application of uasb reactor in industrial wastewater. Uasb reactor was exposed to various hrts including 10, 8, 6, 4, and 2 h. Uasb reactor demonstrates that sludge settlability and the growth characteristics of both proteindegrading and acetotrophic bacteria are the most important factors influencing on the output of the model. In literature, the normal operation range of uasb with 1.
A model to describe the performance of the uasb reactor. Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket uasb technology, normally referred to as uasb reactor, is a form of anaerobic digester that is used in the treatment of wastewater. The upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor uasb is a single tank process. Tbw, modified after 6 the influent point sewage is situated at the reactor bottom, the effluent discharge treated wastewater is situated in the upper part of the reactor, thus forcing the entering sewage to follow an upflow regime and to get into contact with the sludge blanket in the reactor. A pilot scale study was set up to investigate the principle design parameters of up flow anaerobic sludge blanket uasb reactors for treating wastewater of small communities in the tropical regions of iran.
Waterleau biotim upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor uasb. Anaerobic treatment of municipal wastewater in uasbreactors. It is a storage tank where the waste water from oil skimming tank comes and from the here is supplied is the uasb reactor. The upflow anaerobic sludge blanket uasb reactor has been recognized as an important wastewater. On one hand, sludge should not be washed out the reactor, and on the other hand, a minimum speed needs to be maintained to keep the blanket in suspension, and also for mixing tbw 2001b. Uasb reactors of the major anaerobic system manufacturers. The biothane uasb upflow anaerobic sludge blanket technology is a proven and reliable process, exclusively owned by biothane. It is a maintenancefree, corrosionfree and rugged process with a straightforward design. Lin and yang 25 in their work about an uasb reactor have reported the use of.
However, the price is determined by civil engineering specifications type of foundation, air purification and gas treatment gas conditioning, flare, automation. This work discusses the perspectives of treating effluents through anaerobic digestion as well as reporting the experience of using an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket uasb reactor as biorefinery annex in a pulp and paper. A dynamic model to describe the performance of the upflow anaerobic sludge blanket uasb reactor was developed. It is by far the most widely used highrate anaerobic.
Comparisons between the uasb and the egsb reactor seung j. Lim abstract some characteristics of upflow anaerobic sludge blanket uasb, expended granule sludge blanket egsb, and static granular bed reactor sgbr were investigated in order to compare performances of the three and recognize advantages and disadvantages, respectively. Waterleau is a pioneer in the field of anaerobic wastewater treatment, offering a complete range of adapted anaerobic reactor types. The reactor net capacity is 120 m3, and its built of carbon steel, internally lined with epoxy paint. The major objective of this study is to determine the kinetic behavior of a pilotscale uasb reactor operated in series and receiving effluent from an anaerobic baffled reactor abr, both treating swine wastewater.
The inoculum that was used to startup the system was 1year stored sludge from a similar uasbdigester system. Reactors jordan university of science and technology. It enables the reactor to separate gas, water and sludge mixtures under high turbulence conditions. Pdf optimal design and operation of a planned fullscale uasb reactor at a dairy farm are. Determination of design criteria for uasb reactors as a. Operation performance and granule characterization of. The waste water, coming from these products is highly concentrated with b. It consists of a cylindrical tank with a frustum conical settler on its top. Two commonly used reactors are the cstr continuous stirred tank reactor and the pfr plug flow reactor.
A suspended sludge blanket filters and treats the wastewater as the wastewater flows through it. The uasb reactor is viewed as several continuous stirred tank reactors connected in series. Anaerobic pretreatment of domestic sewage using uasb reactor systems offers. There are thus two entirely separate closed circulating water loops. For the operation of a uasb reactor, a minimum temperature of the sewage. Comparisons between the uasb and the egsb reactor seung. A similar but variant technology to uasb is the expanded granular sludge bed egsb digester. The physicochemical and biological parameters of waste water quality are experimented and found out and design of lab scale reactor and design of proposed uasb reactor was done.
Wastewater, anaerobic treatment, modelling, uasb reactor. In the experiments carried out with the uasb reactor, the optimum hrt in terms of bod 5 and cod removal was 6 h in which the organic load applied to the reactor was 2. However, the underlying modeling principles are assumed. A steel pipe with a diameter of 600 mm and a height of 3. An example uasb design calculations spreadsheet is partially shown in the image below. Wastewater enters the reactor from the bottom, and flows upward. Biogas plant construction manual april 2011 united states forces afghanistan page 2of 4 table 2. Uasb reactors are rather shallow and the ground surface is quite extensive, therefor in the uasb reactor this has lead to the application of external recirculation in order fluidize the biomass. Unesco eolss sample chapters water and wastewater treatment technologies upflow anaerobic sludge blanket uasb reactor in wastewater treatment k. As uasb cells had not started to produce sufficient biogas to fuel the boiler, it was expensive to operate the boiler on lpg for this period of time.
Pdf optimal design and operation of a uasb reactor for dairy. The anaerobic treatment is very popular in developing countries and the adoption of uasb reactors are a feasible alternative for wastewater treatment. These reactors provide enough residence time for the reaction to take place with satisfactory conversion. Application of basic uasb reactors for sewage treatment at low operational temperatures. Uasb reactor is a methaneproducing digester, which uses an anaerobicprocess and forming a blanket of granular sludge and is processed by the anaerobic microorganisms.
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